Visicection

Animal rights imply that animals deserve certain consideration- consideration of what is in their own best interests regardless of whether they are cute, useful to humans, or an endangered species and regardless of whether any human cares about them at all. Just as a mentally-challenged human has rights even if he or she is not cute or useful or even if everyone dislikes him or her. It means recognizing that animals are not ours to use for food, clothing, entertainment or experimentation

Animal welfare theories accept that animals have interests but allow these interests to be traded away as long as there are some human benefits that are thought to justify

Long before the famous “smoking beagle” experiments began, statisticians and epidemiologists knew that cigarette smoking caused cancer in humans.

As George Bernard Shaw once said, “You do not settle whether an experiment is justified or not by merely showing that it is of some use. The distinction is not between useful and useless experiments but between barbarous and civilized behavior.” There are some medical problems that can probably only be cured by testing on unwilling people, but we do not do it, because we recognize that it would be wrong.

If the pharmaceutical industry switched from anima experiments to quantum pharmacology and in vitro tests, we would have greater protection from death and injuries, not less. If we did not have animal tests we could conduct medical research by using human clinical and epidemiological studies, cadavers, and computer simulators which are faster, more reliable, less expensive, and more humane than animal tests. Scientists have developed, from human brain cells, a model “microbrain” with which to study tumors, as well as artificial skin and bone marrow. We can now test irritancy on egg membranes, produce vaccines from cell cultures, and perform pregnancy tests using samples instead of killing rabbits.

Alternatives to animal tests are efficient and reliable, both for cosmetics and household product tests and for medical research. In most cases, non-animal methods take less time to complete, cost only a fraction of what the animal experiments they replace cost, and are not plagued with species of differences that make extrapolation difficult or impossible.

Medical historians have shown that improved nutrition, sanitation, and other behavioral and environm

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