John Locke's Civil Government
John Locke’s essay on Civil Government states that, “The people shall be judge”. This statement refers to what Locke believes should be the means of forming the proper government. Essentially what he is saying is that a government can be established and take over the people, if and only if, the people first consent to it. His theory is backed up by the fact that the people have to give up one of their natural rights. Therefore, it is only just if everyone is in accordance with the ideas the government wishes to represent. Locke believes that all men have certain undeniable rights in the state of nature in which there is no government. These rights are freedom, equality, the power to protect and preserve yourself and your health, and the ability to punish someone when he has wronged you. The transition between the state of nature and civil society involves giving up the power to punish people. The people surrender this right to government they choose and then, the majority rules. However, if at any time the government feels that they are above the law, or are making unjust laws, the society has the right to revolt. These ideas differ from those of Hobbes, Rousseau, and Bousset. On one hand, there is Hobbes whose theory is b
Rousseau, like Locke, does not believe in an absolute or unlimited government. His theory also contrasts with that of Hobbes, due to the fact that he believes mankind is, for the large part, good. Therefore, society is the major force that drives humans to do irrational and inhumane acts. He also believes that the government does not always provide for the general welfare of the people, and often has personal agendas. He claims that all of the power should reside in the hands of the people because they are the ones being affected by the government’s decisions. Rousseau states that, " …war individuals are enemies by chance, not as men, not even as citizens." So why would you send them to war to achieve an agenda that would not affect them directly or even indirectly? Hobbes believed that man has the right to everything, and stays at constant war with each other. Hobbes believes that men were at constant war with each other, and that men quarrel for three reasons; competition, distrust, and glory. According to him, humans have enemies because they have a thirst for power and that this power is only felt through the death of others. Hobbes views materialistic desire as the motivation for all actions while reason provides the best possible way to fulfill these desires Bossuet, alternatively, believes in absolute power and a strong government. He believes that the king had the final say in everything. His theory also include
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Approximate Word count = 970
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)
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