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Child Development

            Child Development - Infancy and Childhood.
             In this section I will be discussing the theories of psychologists Jean Piaget and Len Vygotsky.
             Jean Piaget - 1896 - 1980.
             Jean Piaget was born in Switzerland on August 9, 1896. His father was a professor of medieval studies and his mother was a strict Calvinist (Protestant - following the teachings of John Calvin). He was somewhat of a child genius publishing his first paper at 10 years old - an account of his sightings of an albino sparrow. In 1918 Piaget received his Doctorate in Science from the University of Neuchatel. Piaget was thought of as one of the most significant psychologists of the 20th Century. By the end of his career he had written over 60 books and many hundreds of articles. Students studying primary education teaching are taught Piaget's theories to enable them to understand the developmental needs of children in school today.
             Piaget's theory was based on the biological basis of intellectual development in children (i.e. cognitive development). He identified four stages that children moved through and that they had to reach all the competencies in each stage before they could successfully move on to the next stage. Moreover, these stages occurred in a fixed order, being Sensori-motor (0-2yrs), Pre-operational (2-7yrs), Concrete operational (7-11 yrs) and Formal operational (11 yrs +).
             Sensori-Motor (birth to 2 yrs).
             Piaget theorised that the early stage, sensor-motor was a combination of sensory impressions and motor reactions such as sucking and grasping. Children also have no mental representations of events e.g. they cannot differentiate between grasping and sucking a rattle or a parent's finger. As the child develops he/she begins to understand the concept of object permanence i.e. just because something disappears does not mean it no longer exists. At 18 months or so full object permanence is achieved. Through imaginative and symbolic play the child is beginning to demonstrate its earliest internal mental representations of the outside world.


Essays Related to Child Development

1. Piaget and Vygotsky - Child Development

Child development occurs in discrete stages with a range of ages from birth to adulthood. Development considers many interrelated aspects of developmental change such as language and cognitive ability, motor skills and emotional development and interaction with family members and peers (Cairns, 1998). Jeane Piaget and Vygotsky's theories with emphasize child development. ... Jean Piaget's theory is well known of the cognitive development which is also called an "ages and stages" theory because he found out the stages that the infant and child go through to develop. ... The role of la...

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2. The Development of Infancy and Toddlers

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3. Infant and Child Development

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4. Infancy and Early Childhood Development

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5. Observation - Early Childhood

As a child these developmental phases lay a foundation for the growth and development into the rest of their lives. ... In this paper, I will discuss the developmental aspects of a child in the early childhood, through theories of child development, socio-economic status, family structures, and cultural factors. ... In the biosocial development of a child in early childhood they begin to make physical changes from infancy/toddler to a child. ... Michael Lamb (2010) states in his book, The role of the Father in Child Development, that a father has more a "specific " type of play and care wit...

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6. Physical and Perceptual Development

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7. A Father's Role in Childhood Development

While the mother's role is extremely important to a child's overall development, a study in Childhood Development found that roughly a third of the infant participants developed multiple relationships that could be considered primary attachments; additionally, most infants had been able to establish attachments to adults other than their mother by 18 months of age (Feldman, 2010). ... Environmental influences, such as the quality of parental involvement, are known to play a fundamental role in the development of a child through adulthood. Furthermore, positive interaction and relatio...

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8. Child Development

Child Development As children grow older they go through a process labeled as child development. Child development is defined as the discipline devoted to the understanding of all aspects of human development from birth to adolescence. ... Also, an influence on the field of child development was philosophies of the moral nature and development of children. ... Child development involves different areas of development that are genetically determined, such as physical, cognitive, emotional and social development. ... All areas of child development must be met adequately in order for a child ...

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9. Child Development

Child Development As children grow older they go through a process labeled as child development. Child development is defined as the discipline devoted to the understanding of all aspects of human development from birth to adolescence. ... Also, an influence on the field of child development was philosophies of the moral nature and development of children. ... Child development involves different areas of development that are genetically determined, such as physical, cognitive, emotional and social development. ... All areas of child development must be met adequately in order for a child ...

  • Word Count: 1289
  • Approx Pages: 5
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

10. Infancy and Early Childhood Development

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  • Word Count: 1065
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