The First Fleet comprised of 11 ships and around 1,350 people. The 11 ships carried 759 convicts (568 men and 191 women); 13 children belonging to the convicts; 211 marines and officers to guard the convicts; 46 wives and children of naval personnel; and Phillip’s administrative staff of 9. The ship was sent to the unknown continent of Australia. The only information about Australia was the information on New South Wales from Captain James Cook’s voyage in 1770. From this information it was decided that the first settlement would be at Botany Bay, and later a second settlement would be established at Norfolk I

Food stores were contaminated by rats or were unfit to eat and gradually the colony sunk deeper towards famine.

Australia is independent in all aspects, with the exception of the head of state who remains the British Monarch, who is currently the queen of England.

The law in all the colonies was based on the laws of England. To assist governing the colonies legislative councils were established. A supreme court was also established.

Some topics in this essay:
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