The Romans took inspiration from the Greeks whom they conquered, and so the civilizations of the Greeks and Romans were fundamentally the same. They both shared practically the same culture, religious beliefs, and learning. In government, Greece consisted of many separate city-states, each with it’s own government, laws, and customs, while the Romans ruled from a strong central government. For the Greeks, the people’s lives revolved around their own city-states; to give the city-state allegiance was to do everything for the good of that city-state. Though ruled by separate cities, Greece was bound together by a common language and common customs. The Romans on the other hand ruled their land from a central government, first as a republic, then as an empire. All languages and then religions were shared throughout the empire. Both the Greeks and Romans worshipped a

The Renaissance, or re-birth, began with the end of the Middle Ages and Europe trying to reproduce classical antiquity, and art moved away from the symbolism of the Middle Ages. During the Renaissance, scholars and artists of Europe studied the works of Greece and Rome, and tried to capture the spirit of their cultures. The Classical World stressed the importance of the individual, and humanistic ideals, such as the power and potential of man. Therefore the Renaissance artists strove to recreate the art of Greece and Rome. Artists sculpted likenesses of the human body, authors explored emotion and human feelings, and philosophers pondered on how man could improve himself and society. Just as in the Classical World, the focus moved from man and god, to man and society. As this continued, the destructive effects of this philosophy was apparent in the both the Classical World and the world of the Renaissance. The degradation and scandal of religious institutions, like the church, the horrific abuse of governmental power, and the godlessness of the people all were testimony to the lack of any moral and religious foundations of the time.

pantheon of pagan gods, but as a more humanistic philosophy became accepted, religion became merely a r

Some topics in this essay:
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