Racial Profiling
Racial profiling can be defined as the use of race either as the sole purpose or one element in a group of reasons that justify traffic stops, border searches, or airport detentions. It is a serious and controversial topic that some argue does not exist, though there is an abundance of stories and statistics that document the practice. One of the many stories is of an African American family down in Florida. They were just leaving for a family vacation, had there car packed tight with all their luggage when two officers from a county sheriff’s department pulled them over. The officers refused to tell John Tolbert, the driver, why his family was pulled over as the two officers made the family stand on the side of the highway as the officers searched the car. They took out and searched every piece of luggage in the car, searched under the hood and in the trunk, and they even took out the taillights and searched in them. The officers did not find anything suspicious and still were refusing to tell the family why they were being searched as the officers brought in drug dogs to sniff the car. Nevertheless they did not find any illegal substances in the car, yet the officers preceded to search the each member of the family. After two
grueling hours of this, the officers issued John Tolbert a warning for weaving and let them go. John Tolbert was quoted as saying, “If I was a white man with his family, and said I was going on vacation as I told the officer, they never would have searched the car for two hours and embarrass and humiliate me and my family. I felt like we were not citizens of the United States.” Although this is a disheartening story, I do believe and plan on proving that one does not have to be a racist to be guilty of racial profiling. One question to be asked is does racial profiling really exist, or is it just an exaggerated myth? Is the disproportionate involvement of minorities with the law enforcement a reflection of police racism or just the effect of disproportionate minority crime? There are two types of probabilities police use for probable cause, one is case probability and the other is class probability. Case probability deals with situations where for example a mugging victim tells the police the mugger was a young Asian man. In this case there is no point in wasting time looking at proportional numbers of whites, blacks, Hispanics and so on before they narrow in on Asian suspects. In this case, the police’s investigation would “profile” young Asian males only. The American Civil Liberties Union says this kind of profiling is acceptable; the problem arises with cases dealing with class probability. Here, before having evidence of a particular crime, police set out intending to investigate a high proportion of people of some particular race, ethnic group, age group, or so on. Their only justification is that by doing so, they increase their chances of discovering some crimes. This is the kind of racial profiling has been proven to exist. For example, in California a memo was found that told park rangers, in attempt to stop marijuana growing, to question all Hispanics whose cars were stopped regardless of whether marijuana was actually found in their vehicles. They were told to develop probable cause to stop them and at a minimum the park rangers were suppose to field interrogate all individuals in the car. This proves tha
Some topics in this essay:
African American,
Liberties Union,
Department Justice,
John Tolbert,
United States”,
Lewis Maryland,
African Americans,
Racial Profiling”,
Blacks Hispanics,
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john tolbert,
white person smuggling,
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person smuggling drugs,
drug traffic,
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Approximate Word count = 1443
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)
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