Women and the Agricultural Revolution
In her article entitled Women and the Agricultural Revolution, Elise Boulding argues that women initiated the Agricultural Revolution. According to Boulding, the Agricultural Revolution occurred in two stages, horticulture and agricultural proper. Boulding defines horticulture as farming carried out by hand tools that produce enough food for subsistence only. She defines agricultural proper as farming that produces surpluses of food by using plows and other machinery. The result of what women did throughout these two stages of the Agricultural Revolution was crucial because it led to the establishment of settlements and changed the roles of people and their relationships with each other. Boulding indicates that everything women did throughout this time period had an impact on the future. Through cause and effect, Boulding shows how women discovered the value of a simple grain of einkorn and how that triggered a series of events that changed the world forever. According to the article, women had discovered the value of einkorn as long ago as the year 20,000 B.C. The women of the no
In the fertile areas, horticulture progressed into agricultural proper, allowing many new and different roles for the women of the Agricultural Revolution. Women were no longer the main field workers because they alone were unable to produce the necessary surplus needed to feed the growing towns and cities. Men, along with animal drawn plows, became the primary farmers, producing a great surplus of crops. Since women were no longer working in the fields, they began spending time making tools and containers to help the faming and storing of surplus grains. Without the nomadic limitations of being able to own only what one could carry, women were able to expand and improve their tools and storage containers. They used larger and heavier grinding stones which produced better grain. They also grinded fine stone for storage bowls and made rough baskets. Through the process of making these new containers, the women unknowingly invented the first form of pottery. Although the women spent less time in the fields, they kept extremely busy because there was much work that had to be done due to
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Approximate Word count = 739
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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