Influenza is caused by influenza viruses and is transmitted via the respiratory tract by airborne and droplet spread or through direct contact with patients’ secretions. It can be found in Hong Kong all year round and is particularly common in February, March and July. Although influenza is generally a mild illness, elderly and patients with chronic diseases may develop complications such as bronchitis and pneumonia. To

Hepatitis B is caused by hepatitis B virus which is spread by contact with an infected person’s blood, semen and body fluids. Symptoms include fever, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, yellow coloring of eyes and dark urine but some patients may not have any symptoms. 25% of hepatitis B carriers may subsequently develop chronic hepatitis, permanent liver damage and liver cancer. The best protection against hepatitis B is by practicing safe sex by using a condom for example. Managing the contaminated blood properly is another way of protection. For examples, avoid sharing of syringes, razors and toothbrushes, wear gloves while handling blood and body fluids, sterilized the objects with contaminated blood using household bleach diluted 49 times. The most effective way of protection is to have a vaccine against hepatitis B.

prevent influenza

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