no standard definition of a ‘‘gang.’’ Local governmental agencies tend to develop their own. However, a standard criteria has been developed for research purposes. ‘‘Gangs’’ tend to have the following characteristics:

‘‘Instrumental gangs’’ tend to commit robbery for money. These groups also tend to be into drugs and may sell drugs but not as a gang activity. ‘‘Hedonistic gangs’’ focus primarily on the social aspects of gang activity—hanging out and getting high. Crimes are not committed as a gang activity.

Some topics in this essay:
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