This paper discusses the components of health related fitness and how they contribute to our overall wellness. Also included in this paper is a design for a 6-week fitness program that includes the elements of health related fitness.
According to Dr Nick Cucuzzo of the University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Department of Exercise & Sport Sciences, the components of Health-Related Physical Fitness are:.
Cardiorespiratory endurance.
Musculoskeletal fitness.
Body weight and body composition.
Flexibility.
CARDIORESPIRATORY ENDURANCE:.
Cardiorespiratory endurance is the ability to perform whole body activities for an extended period of time. The structures involved are the heart, blood vessels & blood, and the lungs. Cardiorespiratory endurance increases because of increased capability of each element to provide oxygen to working tissues. The effect of exercise on the heart pumps more blood to meet O2 demands. The effects of exercise on blood & blood flow causes increased blood flow and improved blood pressure. The effect of exercise on the lungs causes the volume of inspired air to increase. .
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Cardiorespiratory endurance is improved by training. Training results in increased stroke volume, decreased heart rate, increased efficiency of the heart, heart muscle hypertrophy, increased capillarization, decreased blood pressure, increased blood volume & hemoglobin, and increased pulmonary function.
An important measure of cardiorespiratory endurance is VO2 Max. This is the greatest rate at which O2 can be taken in and used during exercise. The ability to perform an activity is limited by the amount of O2 required and an individual's VO2 Max. The greater the percentage of VO2 Max required the less time the activity can be performed.
MUSCULOSKELETAL FITNESS:.
One aspect of physical health is the musculoskeletal system, which consists of 3 components; muscular strength, endurance and flexibility.
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