Teratogenic effects of caffeine
A teratogen is virtually any substance or event that can cause any type of birth defects during pregnancy. These prenatal defects can be both structural and psychological problems raging from very minor severity to death. The effect of teratogens on the baby is based on the period of pregnancy the mother is in. The three periods of fetal development include the zygotic, embryonic, and fetal period. The zygotic period spans from conception to two weeks. During this period there is rapid cell division and if there is a teratogenous effect, there can be a spontaneous abortion. The embryonic period lasts from the second to eight week. This is when major development takes place in the organs and body systems and there are beginnings of sensitivity. Since this is very early in development, the baby is at a great risk from teratogens and will have major structural problems. Sometimes this can be before the mother realizes she is pregnant which can be a huge problem for the baby. The last fetal stage continues from eight weeks until birth. The baby continues to develop physically, puts on fat, develops the brain and lungs, and has sensory and learning experiences. The baby will develop skills to help it be viable outside the w
Depending upon the results, different implications of the study would be made. If the experimenter came to the conclusion that caffeine did have severe teratogenic effects on babies, many actions would be taken in order to limit the amount of caffeine consumed in pregnant women. For instance, programs could be set up in clinics in order to inform women of the potential danger a cup of coffee every morning causes. This also raises ethical questions about letting pregnant women consume legal known teratogens. If babies could be seriously harmed then the question is how to stop mothers from consuming something so common as coffee or soda. Another big problem is that teratogenic studies are very difficult to conduct because pregnant women could be doing a number of harmful things to their babies, not only the specific factor under study. One way to try to eliminate this is to have, for example, a group of women doing every other thing but consuming caffeine while the other group does every other thing and consumes caffeine. However, this can still lead to many problems because not everything can always be taken into account for. For this reason teratogenic studies are often misleading and do not give accurate information about specific teratogens and their effects. To this day, it is still unknown what the best environment for a child in the womb is, however, women can only do their best to stray away from known teratogens as much as possible. The study that would be conducted would involve women during their fetal stage of pregnancy. The reason for the women being in their fetal stage is simply, in many cases, during the zygotic stage they may not even know they are pregnant. Th
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Approximate Word count = 1147
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)
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