TCP (transmission control protocol) and IP (internet protocol) “TCP/IP were developed by a Department of Defense (DOD) research project to connect a number different networks designed by different vendors into a network of networks (the "Internet"). It was initially successful because it delivered a few basic services that everyone needs (file transfer, electronic mail, remote logon) across a very large number of client and server systems. Several computers in a small department can use TCP/IP (along with other protocols) on a single LAN (local area network). The IP component provides routing from the department to the enterprise network, then to regional networks, and finally to the global Internet. On the battlefield a communications
The TCP/IP model has four layers: The application layer, the transportation layer, the internet layer, and the network layer. Some of the layers in the TCP/IP model have the same name as the layers in the OSI model but the application layer has different function in each model. The application layer on the TCP/IP reference model handles the high-level protocols, issues of representation, encoding, and dialog control. The TCP/IP combines all application-related issues into one layer, and assumes that the data is properly packaged for the next layer. Combination of presentation and session layer)
network will sustain damage, so the DOD designed TCP/IP to be robust and automatically recover from any node or phone line failure also the U.S. DoD created the TC
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