Geography over the last century has progressed through a series of radical changes. Before the mid-20th century the approach was idiographic. This concept is based on exploration and the study of “individuals” (lecture 4 16.10.02). By the mid-20th century the Earth had been mapped and explored so there was need for an advance in geography from idiographic approaches to the harder science of nomothetic approaches. This is where research is taken out to develop laws and patterns to identify geographical circumstances.

This shift from idiographic approaches to nomothetic approaches was known as the quantitative revolution. This gave arise to positivist geography, “the belief that an understanding of phenomena is solely grounded on sense data; what cannot be tested empirically cannot be regarded as proven.”(xrefer.com). By the late 20th century many Geographers believed that the positivist approach to Geography was too basic so there was greater need for development on the discipline. The whole concept behind this was towards the end of the 20th century geographers were opening there minds to even greater possibilities than nomothtic concepts. There were two major dire

However as technology improves the capitalist will invest money into machinery. This leads to a reduction in demand for labour as the machines take over from the workers and provide mechanical labour. For production to take place there has to be a demand for the good produced. Workers that once worked for the capitalist would demand these goods. If there is no longer any work for them they will not be able to afford these goods so in theory there would be no need for these goods to be produced at all. Marxists believe that communist structures in society should be set up. In short this is where the government has state control over industries and decides what and for whom should be produced rather than leaving it to market forces. This eliminates some members of society gaining from surplus earnings as all people would be earning equal amount that eventually leads to huge unequal distribution of income. This in a Marxists view would lead to huge differences in social groups. In other words all members of society will have equal earning powers therefore eliminating the chance of some members of society being discriminated against.

ctions that the study of Geography took. One of the approaches to Geography after the reaction against positivism was a humanistic approach to geography. However the main concept that is brought to issue in this research is the Marxist approach to geography. In this concept note

Some topics in this essay:
Philo Sadler, GEOGRAPHY Geography, Korea Vietnam, Marxist Geography, 20th century, social class, approach geography, towards 20th century, unequal distribution income, 20th century geographers, huge unequal distribution, social discrimination, wage earner, century geographers, huge unequal, unequal distribution, nomothetic approaches, surplus income,