Aboriginal Education
The education system which has been operating in Australia since settlement has failed to meet the needs of Indigenous Australians. In fact, as Hughes (1987) notes, there is a long history of educational inadequacies where Aboriginal Australians are concerned. Sadly, it has only been very recently, say in the past decade or so, that the importance of adapting teaching styles in classrooms to suit the needs of Aboriginal children has been realised. Part of this realisation has been the acknowledgement that fundamental differences exist between the values of Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians (Reynolds, 1989). For example, Aboriginal communities tend to focus on the welfare of the group, whereas non-Indigenous Australians tend to concern themselves with their individual wellbeing (Fletcher, 1992). The effect of this is that there will be inherent differences in the way Aboriginal children view the world and accordingly, differences in the way they respond to a curriculum. However, as Craven (1999) points out, there are many ways of supporting Indigenous identity in schools. For instance, government policy can be reviewed, new ways of teaching can be explored (such as facilitating visual and concrete learning and contextualisi
With a thorough understanding of the difficulty Indigenous children face in terms of acquiring an education in a European-based education system, it is now possible to identify particular techniques which may be employed in an attempt to offset or minimise difficulties caused by feelings of discrimination amongst Indigenous children. These can be broken into six steps as according to Craven (1999): teaching the truth, beginning with the present, relating historical events to contemporary ones, standing on the shore rather than the ship, developing knowledge and appreciation of local Indigenous culture and incorporating Indigenous knowledge across the key learning areas. Telling the truth relates to acknowledging the events of the past in respect of Aboriginals, rather than continuing to cover it up. This, according to Craven, is best done by incorporating the learning of history into activities. Beginning with the present essentially involves teachers focusing on present-day societies when dealing with Aboriginal children, while relating historical events to present day ones means that children will learn better if information is made relevant by comparing it to modern day events. Craven suggests that this enables children to plan a better future. Standing on the shore rather than the ship simply refers to enabling children to view different events from many perspectives, while developing knowledge and appreciation of local Indigenous culture recognises the importance of teaching Aboriginal children about their culture from a local perspective as well as from a national one. Finally, incorporating Indigenous knowledge across the key learning areas refers to the use of Indigenous material in all subjects or components of the curriculum. Adhering to these steps is a good way of ensuring that Indigenous children feel comfortable and not isolated in their learning environment – thus allowing all of the approaches to Indigenous education discussed in this paper to effectively operate.
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Approximate Word count = 2633
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page double spaced)
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