The tireless efforts of Elliot Ness eventually paid off when On January 16, 1920 the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States was ratified. This legislation gave legal satisfaction to the temperance movement of the early twentieth century. It officially mandated that the transportation, manufacture, sale, and consumption of any beverage with an alcohol content of more than .05% illegal. However, although the U.S. government took the initiative to enact the law, the enforcement of it was severely lacking for several reasons. First, responsibil

Al Capone first began his life of crime after his expulsion from school. It was then that he first met Johnny Torrio, a local gangster and neighborhood role model. At first, Capone ran minor errands for Torrio, but as their relationship grew, he was given more responsibilities. When Torrio moved away to Chicago, 18 year old Capone fell under the wing of another "role model", the feared and respected Frankie "Yale" Loele, and was hired as his bartender. It was here that Capone not only learned the "business" and established himself in the criminal underworld, but he also met his future wife: Mae Coughlin. The two were soon married and moved to Chicago to reunite with Torrio, who had previously taken over the largest crime ring in the city. After several assassination attempts, Torrio retired from his life of crime and left his copious empire to Al. For months, Capone lived his life in the spotlight of both New York City and Chicago. He was a frequent at the opera, sporting events, and neighborhood hotspots. Everyone he met knew that he was the infamous crime lord and responsible for crime, prostitution, and murder, however, no one could ever establish any proof to corroborate the connection.

Finally in June of 1930, Capone's luck with the law ran out as he was indicted for income tax evasion. One of the most notorious criminals of the 20th century--the man held most responsible for the bloody lawlessness of Prohibition-era Chicago--was imprisoned for tax evasion. To reduce the chances of jury tampering, the judge tried to keep the trial as short as possible and ordered the jury to be sequestered at night. Despite these countermeasures, Capone allegedly paid off the entire twelve-person jury, and under the advice of Elliot Ness, switched the jury with one from another court room. During the trial, the prosecution documented Capone's lavish spending as evidence of a colossal income. The government also submitted proof that Capone was aware of his obligation to pay federal income tax but failed to do so. After nearly 9 hours of deliberation, the jurors found Capone guilty of three felonies and two misdemeanors, relating to his failure to pay and/or file his income taxes between 1925 and 1929. Judge Wilkerson sentenced Al Capone to serve 11 years in prison and to pay $80,000 in fines and court costs, ending the criminal life of the FBI's original Public Enemy # 1. That very same day, Elliot Ness learned that Congress was considering repealing Prohibition (Nationa

Some topics in this essay:
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