Sony introduced the first compact disc audio CD player on the market in October 1982 at a retail price of about $900. It caused great excitement as, in contrast to the standard analogue cassettes of that time, the compact disk was digital,

recreating sound from a series of 1’s and 0’s stored on the disk known as binary.

Later, the compact disk was expanded to introduce the CD-Rom for use as random access computer data storage.

Basically, a cd is a thin piece of plastic. During the manufacturing process this plastic is impressed with microscopic ‘bumps’ (sometimes known as ‘pits’) and these are arranged as a single, contino

Minimum Pit Length(double-layer DVD) 830 nanometers 440 nanometers

Single-sided, single-layer DVDs can store about seven times more data than CDs. A large part of this increase comes from the pits and tracks being smaller on DVDs.

· A tracking mechanism moves the laser assembly so that the laser's beam can follow the spiral track. The tracking system has to be able to move the laser at micron resolutions.

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