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Religions

Two of the three major monotheistic religions today are Judaism and Christianity. Upon taking a closer look at these western religions one can't help but notice a common thread running through all three. The ideas of "one omniscient God" (hence monotheism) and "final judgment", resulting in spending an eternity in heaven or hell, are ever present. How do these largely practiced belief systems have so much in common? Who is responsible for creating the basic ideology of millions of believers today? The answer to these questions may lie in a man who lived nearly twenty-six hundred to possibly three and a half thousand years ago. Zoroastrians are the followers of the Achaemenian prophet or priest Zarathustra (or Zoroaster as the Greeks called him). (For clarification, I will use present day Iran in place of the Achaemenian Empire). Due to invasions of Iran and the destruction of their libraries, there are no sources to pinpoint the time frame of Zoroaster's life. According to documents that survived the eradications, Zoroaster "...flourished 258 before Alexander..." Alexander the Great sacked the Iranian capitol in 330 BC, dating the prophet's birth circa 628 BC, while some scholars estimate his life around 1400 BC. Where Zoroaster w


as born and lived is almost as uncertain as when he lived. Arab scripts state that "...Zaratusht arose from Ragh..." which researchers have concluded as Rhages, or present day Tehran Iran. The area in which he lived had an economy based on "animal husbandry". Nomads who frequently raided those people were viewed by Zoroaster as of order and called them "followers of the lie". So begins the basis of Zoroaster's theology. To understand the overwhelming effect Zoroastrianism had on the people of the ancient Middle East, one must take a look at their belief system. Iran, as well as the entire Middle East, was a land where many pagan gods and goddesses were being "born". During the time of Zoroaster, Mithra was one prominent religion practiced by the Iranians. Those who were followers of Mithra (as well as other religions) would sacrifice animals to pay homage to their gods. It wasn't uncommon for worshippers to consume narcotics and intoxicating beverages called Haoma (Zaehner 38). This is a one reason why Zoroaster revolted against Mithra and other Iranian religions before him. Zoroaster had received a vision from Ahura Mazda, the Wise Lord, who appointed him to teach the truth. Initially Zoroaster did not try to overthrow current religions, yet placed Ahura Mazda as the "Head God". Through his attempts to slowly reform ancient Iranian religion, Zoroaster was opposed in his monotheistic teachings and principles by religious authorities in the area that he preached. His enemies were the established civil and religious heads who wanted no part in the undoing of the ancient national religions, which had strong ties in the existing social and economic structures. Zoroaster testifies: "Where and which part of land shall I go succeed? They keep me away from the family and the tribe. The community that I wish to join does not gratify me, nor do the deceitful tyrants of the land. How shall I gratify you, O Ahura Mazda?" (Clark 3) It can be deduced that he was persecuted by religious and civil leaders and in turn escaped his homeland. Researchers indicate that Zoroaster appealed to one of the great leaders of his time called King Vishtaspa (the great grandson of Xerxes of Greece) (Princeton 83). The king along with a few others, (who included some family), became followers and began spreading the word of Zoroastrianism. The basis of Zoroaster's teachings seems to revolve around the idea that all events in the world are based on cause and effect. He has based his teachings on three principles: good reflection, good word and good behavior. Zoroaster

Some topics in this essay:
Mazda Unfortunately, Ahura Mazda, Spent Mainyu, Judaism Christianity, Greece Princeton, Head God, Zoroastrianism Judaeo-Christian, Gathas Zoroastrian, Truth Zaehner, Tehran Iran, ahura mazda, ahur mazda, basis zoroaster's, religious leaders, middle east, xerxes greece, iran destruction, reflection word, principles reflection, religious heads,

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Approximate Word count = 1721
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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