Fiber optics
Some of the important features of the fiber optics that we are interested are discussed below. Now a days we are using copper wires as they are the most cost effective and reliable interconnect in parallel machines. However as machines grow more powerful, wire density becomes critical making fiber possible alternatives because of their small wire size. Fiber optics are used mainly to use effectively its high bandwidth. On a single fiber lots of information/data can be transmitted concurrently and in parallel. Over 1000 high bandwidth (100-200 Mb/s) independent channels or busses can be supported on a single optical fiber. Furthermore multiple buses can co-exist on a single fiber. Fiber links allow a number of high speed serial links to replace a large number of electrical lines. The use of fiber is thus space saving. The input and output properties of the fiber are very important. They give us an idea about the nature and working of fiber materials. The fiber cables can transport light signals from one place to another place just similar to the way the metallic conductors transport electric signals. The fiber cables guide light around bends and they are able to carry light for very long distances with very little attenuation. But
Agrawal, G.P. (1992). Fiber-optic communication systems. New York: Wiley. This source provides details pertaining to my research. It provides details regarding the selection of fiber parameters. It says about the process by which the fiber parameters are selected. It tells about the impact of the parameters on factors like cost of fiber, fiber attenuation, ease of cabling, and connection loss. This factors helps in determining the type of fiber cables we should use. Bonadedo, N.H. (1995). Fiber Optics theory and practice. New York: McGraw- Hill. This source provides details about the input-output characteristics of the fiber. It provides details about attenuation, as it is one of the important features. This feature helps in determining the loss of light energy when a light pulse propagates down the fiber. Buck, J.A. (1992). Fundamentals of optical fibers. New York: Wiley. This source provides details about the input-output properties of fibers. This information is helpful in learning how fibers can be used for carrying light over long distances. The source provides regarding the distances that can be spanned without using amplifiers. Cai, M. (2000). Single-mode fiber cables. Optics Letters, 25(19), 1430-2. This source provides details about the propagation models of fiber optics. The information about the propagation of light signals in optical fibers is provided by the source. We can know about the fields that exist within the fiber. Chanclou, P. (2001). High return loss at the end face of fiber. Applied Optics, 40(4), 458- 60. The details regarding the geometry of the fiber is provided by this source. We study details about the physical size of the fibers. The details regarding about the core and cladding region, the materials used for these, and how they varies for multi mode and single mode fibers. By this we can use suitable fibers basing on the applications. Clarkson, C. (2000). Fiber shines light on many industries. Laser Focus World, 36(8), 197-200. This source provides details about the advantages associated with the use of fiber optics. It provides details about the data security, immunity to electromagnetic interference, the ease of installation of fiber cables and the high bandwidth associated with them. Damien, B. (2001). Intelligent tools increase recovery. Harts's E&P, 74(1), 45-7. This source provides details regarding the applications of fiber optics. We learn from this source about the implementation of fibers in the field of medicine, lasers, industrial uses and commercial uses. This source helps me in determining which type of fiber is used in a particular application. Erdogan, T. (2000). High speed fiber optics. Poptronics 1(11), 13-14. This source tells about differences between the coaxial cables and fiber optic cables. This source explains why fiber optic cables are preferred in favor of coaxial cables for many applications. By this information we can learn how fiber optic cables differ in performance from ordinary coaxial cables. Jayo, Yi. (2000). Beam and fiber optics. Optical Physics, 47(11), 1821-7. This source provides details about the various measurements regarding the fibers. The various measurements associated with the fiber cables are optical characterization, quality control measurements, attenuation measurements, bandwidth measurements etc. These measurements help us to understand the working of the fiber optic cables better. Karen, B. (2000). Data highway to the stars. IEEE Review, 47(2), 15-18. This source provides details about the economics associated with the use of fiber optics. We get know details about the costs associated with installing optical cables and the cost breakdown. Larry, P.H. (2000).Blazing Data. Lightning Design & Application, 30(10), 24. This source provide details regarding the multi mode fibers. We study details about the features of multi mode fiber cables like their diameter, their construction and how they differ from single mode fiber cables. Saleim, M. (2000).
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