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Jazz Greats

Eleanor Fagan Gough, now known as Billie Holiday was born in Baltimore Maryland on April 7, 1914. She was born to Clarence Holiday and Sadie Fagan. Her father Clarence was a jazz guitarist and banjo player. She never really knew him he left when she was a baby. When Billie was ten she was sentenced to a catholic reform school but was released only after two year. She moved with her mother to New York and worked alongside her doing work until she was discovered at a local speakeasy. Billie was singing at clubs in New York as early as 1930. In 1935 she debuted at the Apollo and appeared in a short film with Duke Ellington. She was a hit. At Billie Holidays peak in her performing career her emotional life began to fall apart, she was into alcohol, marijuana and later began to smoke opium. In 1947 she was sentenced to eight months in jail for possession of heroin. She died on July 17, unable to fight withdrawal from the drugs and heart disease. Billie Holiday forever changed the art of jazz.

Ella Fitzgerald was born in Newport News, Virginia into poverty. She used her talent to get by. She first performed with the Chick Webb Orchestra when she was seventeen. A first hit, “A Tisket, A Tasket,” was recorded with Web


These are few of many of the jazz innovators who contributed to what jazz is today. They have inspired many. Their music still lives on today. Also their music has influenced the music that we listen to taday.

Billy Eckstine was born on July 8, 1914 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. His real name is William Clarence Eckstine. He helped foster the careers of a number of younger jazz musicians. Eckstine attended Howard University he left though after he won a talent contest, afterwards he began to sing at clubs and with bands. He sang with Earl Hines’s band and introduced Hines to young newcomers Sara Vaughn, Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker. In 1944 Eckstine developed his own band, which existed for three years and featured a number of talents. Some of his successful recordings were “Caravan,” “Prisoner of Love,” “You Go To My Head,” and “That Old Black Magic.”

Natalie Cole, daughter of late, singer Nat “King” Cole was born in Los Angeles in 1950. Natalie made her first on stage appearance at age 11, but her real career as a professional performer didn’t start until the 70’s. She worked under producers Chuck Jackson and Marvin Yancey on a series of R&B records. Working with Jackson and Yancey she had five number-one hits between

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Approximate Word count = 858
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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