The brilliant philosopher Aristotle had many ideas about sense perception. It is quite interesting because there was very little research and technical knowledge about the organs and how they work biologically. However, with little scientific evidence Aristotle’s views greatly resemble today’s understanding of sense perception. Aristotle elaborates on all of the senses, but his main focus is on visual perception. He breaks down how a human sees things using form and matter. Matter, he explains, is what the object consists of, while form is what type of shape the object takes. Aristotle believes that when a person views something they actually adopt the form of that object. He states “…when onc

Throughout the past decade there has been an explosion in the study of the sense, due in part by molecular biology. Scientists have also been putting much more concentration on sensory neurons, and the way genes and proteins affect these neurons. The Visual system has had more research than all of the sensory systems put together. It is estimated that the visual system accounts for more than a quarter of the cerebral cortex. The retina, located in the back of the eye and includes many neurons, is the only visible part of the brain seen from outside the skull. The retina is the gateway to much of the research that has been done on the visual system.

However, reports have shown that the use of spinal anesthesia in amputees often cause some phantom limb pain. This information supports the theory that spinal blockade with regional anesthetic induces the level of a pain on an amputee. There are many ideas and theories on phantom limb, which proves to be a very challenging topic. With the continuation of research there are sure to be many more proposals on what exactly cause sensation in phantom limb. More clinical studies will aid in the understanding of the perplexing and difficult subject.

Gestalt psychology has many ideas on visual perception. Gestalt psychology originated just before World War I and has contributed to research in thought, memory and problem-solving. Gestalt proposed that humans see objects in groups rather than individually. For example, while looking at a large room humans tend to concentrate on defined large objects, not small detailed things. Gestalt’s main idea is grouping or the way humans may perceive a “visual field.” He states that there are different components to the proposal of grouping. He claims that proximity, similarity, closure and simplicity all play a role in the way humans perceive things. These ideas show that items are often grouped based on patterns, similar form, closeness and symmetry. All of these definitions play an intricate role in the way people can solve problems and see objects.

The Monell Chemical Senses Center has done research on the role chemical senses play in our sensations. All humans det

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