Today the convoy system is a standard naval defense procedure that limits the threat to the merchant vessels from submarines. Assembling merchant vessels to sail with armed escort vessels creates the convoy system (HAH-WEB). During the Second World War the allied forces used the convoy system to defend a large group of merchant ships with a limited number of armed escort ships (HAH-WEB). This tactic became necessary in order to increase the amount of merchant ships that made there way through the axis lines successfully. It took 7 to 15 tons of supplies to support one soldier for one year, which is why it became so important for more merchant ships to make it to their final destination. The down side to the convoy system was that there was a waiting period between each fleet that went out (MM-WEB). Their was a waiting period because of a number of factors, they had to wait to assemble the convoy, a longer route had to be taken, and the speed had to be reduced to match the slowest ship (MM-WEB). It took a long period of time but eventually the British convoy system became stronger while the German Wolf Pack was in United States waters. This gave the British time to make many escorts to there troops on land and also to bring in supplies to the people in the economy. With out the defense tactic of convoying ships safely across the Atlantic, it is possible that the June 1944 D-day invasion into Europe may have been delayed (HAH-WEB). This may have happened because of something that was happening at sea, however there were other factors that helped limit the number of U-boats to enable the convoy system to run smoother. Technology and air support also helped in the reduction of the U-boat army.

It was World War I that saw the development of the submarine as an effective weapon of war, but it was the Second World War that was witness to the successful U-boat campaigns. The German submarine arm caused a threat to the British Allies in World War I, by the cutting of maritime supply routes that the British forces were depending upon, the Germans then took this strategy and applied it to the Second World War causing an even greater concern the second time round (Jordan, 8). It was the German submarine campaigns of World War I that influenced the German naval strategy of World War II. Without the naval campaigns of World War I the German submarines would not have made the dramatic impact that they did in the Second World War. The German submarines recorded large numbers of victories in United States waters as well as in the English Channel. The German submarines were controlling the wars in the Oceans and looked a

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