Scientists do not yet fully understand what causes AD. There probably is not one single cause, but several factors that affect each person differently. Age is the most important known risk factor for AD. The number of people with the disease doubles every 5 years beyond age 65. Family hi

carry cholesterol in the blood. It is likely that other genes also may increase the risk of AD or protect against AD, but they remain to be discovered. The National Institute on Aging (NIA), part of the National Institutes of Health, is sponsoring the AD Genetics Initiative to recruit families with AD to learn more about risk factor genes. Scientists still need to learn a lot more about what causes AD. In addition to genetics and apoE, they are studying education, diet, and environment to learn what role they might play in the development of this disease. Scientists are finding increasing evidence that some of the risk factors for heart disease and stroke, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and low levels of the vitamin folate, may predispose people to AD. Evidence for physical, mental, and social activities as protective factors against AD is also increasing.

story is another risk factor. Scientists believe that genetics may play a role in many AD cases. For example, familial AD, a rare form of AD that usually occurs between the ages of 30 and 60, is inherited. The more common form of AD is known as late-onset. It occurs later in life, and no obvious inheritance pattern is seen. However, several risk factor genes may interact with each other to cause the disease. The only risk factor gene identified so far for late-onset AD, is a gene that makes one form of a protein called apolipoprotein E (apoE). Everyone has apoE, which helps

In conclusion, Alzheimer’s dise

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