When the Constitutional Convention met in 1787, its initial task was to correct the principals defects of the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation essentially provided for a jointing of relatively independent states. It was against this background of increasing Balkanization that the delegates met in a secret session in May 1787: out of the convention, however, came the Constitution of the U.S., a document very different from the Articles of Confederation. The Constitution provides for national power

The Supreme Court finds and declares law but does not make law in the sense that a legislature makes law. The distinction however, is not entirely clear, for where the Supreme Court finds no binding rule of precedent or statue and lays down a rule of law.

The protection of individual freedoms has always been part of the Supreme Court’s job. Even before the Supreme Court gave the federal and state governments more leeway in passing economic laws, it began to review laws that restricted the personal rights of citizens. As the nation entered the 20th century, guarding the peoples’ rights against the government became the Supreme Court’s most important role.

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