Ethical pluralism
“Even though no one ethical theory can be applied in every case, many of the ideas presented do have merit.” (Birsch pp.174) This Statement holds true in the ethical world. Out all theories presented in Ethical Insights: A Brief Introduction, no one theory can solve all ethical problems. Many ethical theories are one-sided based on the person’s opinion who philosophized the theory. The idea of a Pluralistic view of ethics takes each theory and appoints it to a specific ethical dilemma. Birsch’s version of ethical pluralism is concerned with “the assumption that we should attempt to live successfully with all other persons” (Birsch pp.174). Therefore in this paper I will focus on Bircsh’s view of ethical pluralism through the theories of utilitarianism, Kantian ethics, moral rights theory, virtue ethics, and the ethics of care. Humans develop new and different relationships everyday, from relationships with family, colleague’s and even with a gas station attendant. All of these relationships have different characteristics. One would not treat their family the same way they treat their paperboy. For these different relationships we have to approach with a different ethical view to be able to live succes
The major problem when dealing with ethical pluralism is the problem of conflicting moral obligations. This is when you need to make a choice between things that are generated by ethical theories. In this case choosing one over the other would not be unethical. An example of this would be spending time with you family or spending time with a friend. However there are also times when making a choice does violate an ethical guideline that is associated with a different group. In other words, the decision to go on a picnic with your friends instead of going to the championship game for your sports team would be viewed as unethical by your teammates because you are letting them down, by neglecting your responsibility to attend the game. The next important question we have to answer is how to ethically treat people whom we don’t have a relationship with. Everyday we encounter new and different people. Most of the people we see for day to day we have only exchanged a polite hello. However many times in this world people often look down upon one another and don’t treat everyone as a moral equal; thus not living together successfully. When you look at Kantian ethics you are able to see insights into this question. Kantian’s see people as a whole. They are our moral equals and we shall treat them as such. The moral theory also says that individuals are valuable and deserve respect. The basic idea put forth by both moral theory and Kantian ethics is that moral equality is essential. “We need to protect equally all full-status morally significant being” (Birsch p.182-183) As previously stated one would not treat a family member the same way they would treat a person of a lesser sentimental significance. So in order to live successfully with family and friends one needs to endorse an ethical theory that gives this type of relationship special consideration. The theory that best fits these relationships is the ethics of care. The ethics of care says that we should strive for to care for certain people. The ethics of care promotes a spec
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Approximate Word count = 1388
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)
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