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The Great Philosophes of France

During and prior to the French Revolution, many great leaders known as the philosophes, influenced our world. These people were a group of French academics who sought the answer to the struggle of how to maximize human potential towards the goal of infinite progress. They addressed elements of our world that to this day are part of the modern world including things with regard to organisms, function of the society, role in science and also led us towards the Age of Enlightenment. Some of these philosophes included John Locke who’s main philosophy was that there was no such government under the Divine Right of Kings theory, Voltaire who’s primary focus was individual liberty and Cesare Beccaria who was mainly against capital punishment and identified new directions in the system of criminal law.

John Locke was strongly against the idea of having someone rule the country under Gods will. This theory, known as the Divine Rights of Kings, asserted that God chose some people to rule on earth in his will. Therefore, whatever the monarchy decided was the will of God and if you cri


and cruel and thought that it should be abandoned for a more appropriate and humane method. He felt that people had the right to live and do not hand this over to the public good. Beccaria thought that long term imprisonment was more powerful than execution. He didn’t like the idea of imitate execution in France by the guillotine. His idea was that a long period of time such as in slavery was more effective in creating moral habits than a single shocking execution. Beccaria argues further that the death penalty in fact had bad effects on society by reducing their sensitivity to human suffering.

However, his ideas were not greatly heard by the government. They still kept on tutoring and abusing people and executing them. They were not given a second chance and people who carried out small crimes where put into prison for the rest of their lives. Today, some countries still practice capital punishment, which I believe is a cruel method of punishment. However, I am not totally in agreement with Beccaria. I believe that it is wrong to be practicing capital punishment but I don

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Approximate Word count = 731
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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