The term Renaissance came from the French equivalent of the Italian word rinascita, literally meaning "rebirth." The term also describes the radical and comprehensive changes that took place in European culture during the 15th and 16th centuries. The consciousness of cultural rebirth was itself a characteristic of the Renaissance. Italian scholars and critics began studying the civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome. In the 15th century, the Renaissance mainly developed in Italy. However, in the 19th century, Jules Michelet and Jakob Burckhardt popularized the idea of the Renaissance as a distinct historical period heralding the modern age, characterized by the rise of the individual, scientific inquiry, geogra

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