Fire Pumps
NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps. A fire pump is a fixed pump that supplies water to a fire suppression system. The main purpose of a fire pump is to increase the water and pressure that flows through it into the fire suppression system. Since systems require a minimum amount of water and pressure to meet fire codes, a fire pump is required to increase the amount of water and pressure that is supplied from sources such as elevated or in-ground storage tanks and even municipal water supply mains or reservoirs. There are three main types of fire pumps used in these systems: Horizontal Shaft, Vertical Shaft, and Vertical Turbine. Along with the fire pumps there are other things included in the pump systems such as the pump drivers, the pump controller and testing equipment. Out of the three types of pumps mentioned in the previous paragraph, the horizontal shaft pump, also known as the horizontal split-case pump, is the most common type found in fixed systems. The shaft on this pump sits horizontally with the pump on one side and the driver on the other. This pump is not a self-priming pump so it can’t be used to supply water from a static source it must use water supplied from a pressuriz
These types of pumps need a source of power to drive them. Most commonly an electric motor, diesel engine or a steam turbine drives them. There are other types of engines such as gasoline, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum, but they are not used anymore or recognized by the NFPA. The most common of these is the electric motor because it is reliable and easily maintained. It does have one downfall, it is only as reliable as it’s power source. If the power were to be turned off the motor would not work unless it has a backup power supply. Diesel engines can be used when an adequate power supply is not available. The diesel engines are required to be tested once per week and run for at least 30 minutes during each test. These diesel engines are also required to have one gallon of gas per horsepower of the engine. Finally there are steam turbine drivers but these are only used in places where mass quantities of steam are produced. The third main type of pump is the vertical turbine pump. This style pump is most commonly used when water needs to be drafted from a static source such as an underground reservoir. This pump is different in the sense that it drafts water up through impellers inside a casing that is submerged in the water supply. Most of the time these pu
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Fire Pumps,
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Approximate Word count = 868
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