The laissez-faire style: describes a leader who generally gives the group complete freedom to make decisions and complete the work in whatever way they see fit.

Supportive leadership is characterised as a friendly and approachable leader who shows concern for the status, well being and needs of subordinates.

Decisional roles: revolve around making choices. There are four decisional roles: Entrepreneur: The manager acts as an initiator and designer of controlled change in the organisation. Disturbance handler: non routine problems must be deal with as they occur. Resource allocator: The manager allocates the monetary and non monetary resources of the organisation. The Negotiator: the manager must frequently negotiate with outsiders in matters affecting the organisation. This evidence generally supports the idea that managers regardless of the type of organisation or level in the organisation perform similar roles. However, the emphasis that managers give to the various roles seems to change with their organisational level, specifically the roles of dissemination, figurehead, negotiator, liaison and spokesperson are more important at the higher levels of the organisation; whereas the leader role is more important for the lower lever managers than it is for either middle or top level managers.

I would now explain the different types of managers but first a quote from Mary Parker Follett “management is the art of getting things done through other people.”

For an organisation to exist there must be some sort of structure in place so that a manager can follow certain guidelines in order to qualify as a manager and they are.

Directive leadership is illustrated by a leader who informs subordinated what is expected of them, gives specific guidance as to what should be done and shows how to do it.

Middle management: these are managers who occupy the space on an organisation chart between the First level managers and the Top level managers. Middle managers to use Peter F. Druckers phrase are “managers of managers.” They direct the work of first line managers and are responsible for implementing the policies set out by the top level managers for e.g. a battalion commander in the U.S army.

Some topics in this essay:
Henry Mintzberg, Management Introduction, Officer President…, Leading Management’s, University Iowa, Sustainable Development, Peter Druckers, University Iowa’s, Parker Follett, Vice President, level managers, managerial leader, middle managers, top level, today’s world, style describes, style describes leader, top level managers, describes leader, managers middle, chief executive officer, executive officer, fortune 500 companies, fortune 500, level managers managers,