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Excretory System

The excretory system is used to excrete many chemicals and substances in the body that may be harmful to each individual’s health. With out it, we, as human beings would have problems from organs in our body. These internal organs can range from problems with our pancreas, to bladder dangers. This section will explain the different parts of the excretory system and what it is used for. Components of the Excretory System: Anatomy: For the human body to survive and function properly it must receive food. The food is broken down by chewing, done in the mouth, by the teeth. After the food is broken into particles, it is mixed with saliva, and it is after that when the digesting begins. The food then passes down the esophagus and into the stomach and is mixed with the intestinal juices. After that ,a mixture of food and secretions, called chyme, is pushed down the alimentary canal by the peristalsis rhythmic contractions of the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal system. The contractionare initiated by the parasympathetic nervous system; such muscular activity can be inhibited by the sympathetic nervous system. Absorption of nutrients from chyme occurs mainly in the small intestine; unabsorbed food and secretio


ns and waste substances from the liver, then passes to the large intestines and are finally expelled as feces. Water and water soluble chemicals travel through the bloodstreams in the kidney to the liver taking and absorbing all of the components, except for the proteins of the blood plasma. Most of the water and salts are returned to the body by the kidney. This happens while waste products, salt and unneeded water is taken out of the body as urine through the urethra of each human’s excretion organ. Intestine: The intestine is the part of the body found in-between the stomach and the anus which is the tool used for digesting. The intestine in a body is divided into two parts, a small intestine, and a large intestine also. The small intestine is the part of the intestine where most of the “work” is done. This is where the food is absorbed. The large intestine is much bigger than the small intestine and the work that is done in here configures the absorption of water and the production of solid wastes is created. The small intestine is divided up into three different parts and coiled up in the center of the abdomen or abdominal cavity. The opening at the bottom of the stomach is called the pylorus and this is where and which components and materials travel through to the duodenum. The duodenum surrounds part of the pancreas and the pancreatic duct, and is horse shaped structure. It also helps to cover parts of the gall bladder and liver that open into it. The jejunum is the middle part of the small intestine. It goes from the duodenum to the ileum. The main connection and terminal part of it is the ileum, this connects to the side of the first part of the large intestine which is called the cecum. The skin, membrane, or mucosa of the small intestine is greatly useful towards the purposes of digestion and absorption. The mucosa is folded, and the folds are covered by mucosal projection which are called villi. A singular part of this “villi” would be called a villus. Each villus is a tube called epithelium. It covers the outside surroundings of a small lympathetic vessel and many different capillaries. Tiny glandular pits, called the crypts of Lieberkühn, open at the bases of the villi; these hold the and hide the enzymes that are needed in the intestinal digestion. Carbohydrates that have been digested pass through to the capillaries of the villi and then transfers to the portal vein which is a “bridge” and connects to the liver. Digested fats on the other hand are absorbed into the lacteals in the villi. They are later then transported into the lympathetic system and then transferred to the general bloodstream. The mucosa is also holds a hormone called “secretin.” Secretin is a hormone which helps the pancreas to produce digestive enzymes. Unlike the small intestine, the large intestine is divided into 6 parts. These parts are cecum, ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon and rectum. The cecum is a swollen looking sac and is larger in many herbivores. It is located in the lower right hand part of the abdominal cavity. The two main important parts of the cecum in the human is the vestigal vermiform appendix. The appendix is oftenly

Some topics in this essay:
System Anatomy, Urinary System, Feces Feces, Urine Urine, Excretory System, System Conclusion, intestine intestine, excretory system, abdominal cavity, 5 liters, urinary bladder, waste products, urinary system, liters urine, amount urine, waste materials, average amount urine, 5 liters urine, produces day 15, day 15 liters, adult produces day,

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Approximate Word count = 2165
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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