A human service worker can prepare for cross-cultural work in various ways. It is, however, essential that a clear understanding of culture be first reached. Social anthropology attempts to classify and analyse some of the aspects of humans and their society. According to The new illustrated Columbia encyclopaedia ( 1979, p. 343 ) “ Its unique contribution to studying the bonds of human relations has been the distinctive conce

Accompanied by this, is the need for effective interpersonal skills, which will assist in the interaction and communication between the worker and consumer. To be a good listener is one of the key elements. By listening to the client, information can be gained and rapport established. Reflective listening will enable the consumer to assess whether they have been clearly understood. Empathy will also lend to a worker relating to the individual’s need and ability to respect their personal dilemma. It is important to try to find a common ground either through language or universal pictures and symbols to gain a sense of commonality. This may help to break barriers between the two parties providing a level of trust and cooperation. This can lead to a win- win situation, empowerment for the client and a sense of achieve for the worker.

One of the principles of designing policies and programs for cross-cultural work is to be “ … aware that the individual and collective history has a considerable bearing on any problem” and that “ … history is a crucial factor in social life” ( HSA 2101 Lecture Notes.2003 ). Referring to the Aboriginal culture, the importance of their heritage with regards to the Dreaming “ … is not only a cosmology, an account of creation; it is also a cosmography, a description of how what was created … which to the aboriginal society … became a moral system” ( Hartley, 1995, p. 52 ). This philosophy sets out rules and values pertaining to traditional kinship, which define a person’s identity, relationship and obligation to others and emphasises the principle of ‘ reciprocity’ and ‘responsibility’. According to Hartley ( 1992, p. 52 ) “ Aboriginal history is based on the group and its continuity rather than on individuals”. Relating to cross cultural work, this knowledge is essential. By not understanding this principle, the worker may not be able to comprehend the importance this plays on the day-to day existence of an Aboriginal person and their “… policy of equivalence and egalitarianism ” ( Hartley, 1995, p. 53 ). It is, however, important to remember not to get to caught up in the history, to respect it but to move on and not to lose sight of the present.

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