Innovations in Timpani Repertoire and Design of the 18th and
Ever since kettledrums, or timpani, were brought to Europe in the 15th century, they have played a vital role is orchestral music that has carried through to the twenty-first century. Timpani were very important to composers, who used them to provide the orchestra with a fuller sound. Composers, who first started writing for the original form of this instrument, were frustrated with the limitations imposed on it by its inability to make rapid pitch changes. This deficit eventually led to the invention of machine timpani. The timpani of the eighteenth century, along with the repertoire written for it by orchestral composers, underwent many changes over time. With the introduction of kettledrums to fifteenth Europe by the Ottoman Turks, kettledrums, along with military drums, became associated with the educated upper class, which included high-ranking military officers (“Timpani: An Introspective Look” by Domenico E. Zarro, Percussive Notes June 1998; 57-60). However, during the eighteenth century, it became acceptable for lower class Europeans to play them. Around this time, only 31% of European orchestras were paying percussionists as regular members of their orchestras because percussionists, as well as trumpeters, w
The timpani of today were brought about by changes made to it in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Composers of that time started to include difficult timpani passages in their compositions, some of which required rapid pitch changes. This concept brought new innovations in the design of timpani that allowed for these rapid pitch changes to take place. 1840 Knocke, August Munich Baseplate, footwheel 1850 Pfundt/Hoffman Saxony Modified Einbilger 1853 Verdi Venice “La Traviata” 1877 Jena, Louis Leipzig Internal Ring
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Approximate Word count = 861
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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