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Henry IV of France

Henry IV was a popular king who ruled France during the religious strife of the Reformation. He was son of Antoine de Bourbon and Jeanne d'Albret, who were the king and queen of Navarre. From his parents he was related with the royal house of France. He later became king of France and thus a new dynasty began to rule in France, the Bourbons. He was born at Pau in Navarre on December 13, 1553. Navarre was an independent kingdom situated in the north-east of Spain and south-west of France, near the Pyrenees. Its religion was protestant. Nowadays, Navarra is an autonomous region with the capital at Pamplona.

After the death of his mother, he was crowned king of Navarre, in 1572 as Henry III, and in 1589 he was crowned king of France and took the name Henry IV. He ruled both countries till he died in 1610. On May, 14 a Catholic fanatic extremist called François Ravaillac assassinated him on the Pont Neuf in Paris. He was buried at Saint Denis Basilica.

Henry was brought up as a Calvinist by his strong-minded mother, a leader of the French Protestant (Huguenot) movement, which during the 1560s became involved in a series of


One of his major accomplishments was the Edict of Nantes, which gave complete tolerance to the Huguenots. He restored order and prosperity to his ruined kingdom but he also ensured that the monarchy would be Catholic and absolutist. He promoted agriculture, protected forests from further desecration, built highways, and constructed new bridges and canals. He renewed Paris as a great city with the Pont Neuf, which still stands today and he added the Grand Gallery to the Louvre.

The marriage with the sister of the king was one of the reasons he was heir, but he was also descendant of King Louis IX, so he was legally named successor to the throne. He was also loved by the Protestants because he was a good ruler, so he had their support. One of the problems he faced was that the Catholic League, led by the duke de Guise, refused to recognize a Protestant as heir and persuaded the king to revoke concessions to the Protestants and to exclude Henry of Navarre from the succession. To gain his crown he had to fight the Catholics and started a war known as the War of the Three Henrys, which he won. On July 25, 1593 he permanently

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Approximate Word count = 762
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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