During the industrialization era, many productive activities that took place within families, were moved to factories as society was industrialized (Aulette 139). With these developments peoples ideas about what the family is like or should be like began to change. The new ideology separated women from men, placing men in the public work sphere and women in the domestic family sphere. These spheres segregated the study of work into two models, a job model and a gender model. M

The second way work affects families is time and timing. This is the amount of time that a job requires, and when the time is demanded. If a job requires long hours away from the family members, less time is available for participation in family activities (Aulette 149).Equally important is what time of day work is scheduled. Families must organize their activities around the work schedules of employed family members. For example, someone who works weekends will rarely have time to spend with his wife and children. These odd hours of work have created what they call a 24 hour economy. This basically means that anyone can buy anything at any given time, due to businesses being open twenty four hours a day and seven days a week. Another way in which time at work can affect family life is the long-term demands of a job. Some jobs may require large amounts of time for short periods. Managers sometimes have to spend many hours training new employees when a store opens. Only after a few months can he cut back his hours. This effects his family in the time he spends with them.

During the early 1800’s the operation of families as self sufficient economic units began to change. Instead of families making and producing their own goods, things were made in factories and created the need for more jobs. As the jobs moved from homes to factories, so did the people. Husbands were expected to follow the wage earning jobs and women were supposed to stay home and take care of the family. When the compassionate stage of family came around it mixed things up a little. Compassionate marriage was considered to be held together by mutual affection, sexual attraction, and equal rights. There was also a change in relationships between parents and children, it became more intimate and affectionate. This change in the way people thought about children changed children’s roles in the family. Children were once valued as workers who contributed to the family income. Now they were not seen as just economically valued, but emotionally priceless, and as they lost their role as economic assets, they gained sentimental value (Aulette 42).

One of the most significant changes in American society has been the steady increase of women in the paid labor force. The year 2001 showed an increase of approximately 20% compared to 1970 (Aulette 143). Even though men are still more likely than women to be in the paid labor fo

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