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Yemen

In 1990, the Republic of Yemen was unified by a merger of North and South Yemen and became the Yemen Arab Republic. This followed the mass departure of thousands of Yemenis from the South to the North which had created hostility between the two. North and South Yemen were formally unified in May of 1991 after the passage of a democratic constitution. The Yemeni government that oversees the unified states consists of three branches, the executive, legislative, and judicial. In 1994 the former ruler of North Yemen, Ali Abdullah Saleh, was elected to office to oversee the unified Yemen. The nation held its first ever nationwide elections in 2001 and passed a large number of constitutional amendments. The amendments extended the terms of elected officials and expanded the presidential powers. They allowed an extension of the president’s term to seven years and an extension of the parliament’s term to six years. The amendments also provided for over a hundred members to be added to the council.

The results of the elections during early 1994 rekindled political differences between the two states. This caused the South to withdraw which initiated a civil war. However, stability returned with resoluti


Currently, Yemen is in the middle of economic reforms. To help the Yemeni economy, the government has encouraged private investments in agriculture, fisheries, and oil. Some companies have been sold privately while others have been auctioned. The government has also supported the search for foreign and local investors to aid in this process. Some of the state -owned businesses that may be sold privately include construction companies, power stations, public housing, and state telecommunications.

Economic hardships began for Yemen after the unification in 1990. Yemen’s economy used to be largely self-sufficient and based on the country’s agriculture. Due to the importation of cheaper goods from abroad, Yemen was forced to become dependent on others to survive. Additionally, economic difficulties resulted from negative outcomes of the Persian Gulf War. However, these economic hardships also inspired a new commitment to the planning and the development of a better economy in Yemen. These efforts were focused on the petroleum industry, job training, education, the infrastructure, and agricultural potential. However, the economy suffered more hardships when the 1994 civil war began. This conflict caused greater infrastructural damage. The economy’s hardships resulted from primarily five other factors. These include: the start of a new governm

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Approximate Word count = 919
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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