Autobiography on julius ceasar
Gaius Julius Caesar was born in the year 100 BC into a patrian family who claimed to descend from the kings of Alba Langa and through them, Aeneas of Troy whose mother was the goddess Venus. Caesar’s name Julius comes from Iulius, the family name. This comes from Iulius, the name of Venus’ son. Although born to a noble family, Julius Caesar, who lived from 100 BC to 44 BC grew popular with the common people of Rome. To gain popularity, Caesar endeared himself to the masses by spending large sums of money in their behalf. He organized spectacular public games and gave gifts of food. Around the time of 85 BC, his father died and a few years later he was betrothed and possibly married to a wealthy young lady, Cossutia. This betrothal marriage was soon broken off, and at the age of 18 he married Cornelia. When he married Cornelia, the daughter of the popular leader Cinna, he further strengthened his popularity. Through this marriage, however, Caesar also gained the hostility of Sulla, because Cinna was one of Sulla’s enemies. When the Optimate dictator, Sulla was in power, he ordered Caesar to divorce her, when Caesar refused, Sulla proscribed him and Caesar went into hiding. (3) Caesar, on the staff of a military
legate, was awarded the civic crown for saving the life of a citizen in battle, around 79 BC. His general sent him on an embassy to Nicomedes, the king of Bithynia, to obtain a fleet of shops, Caesar was successful, but subsequently he became the butt of gossip that he had persuaded the king only by agreeing to sleep with him. When Sulla died in 78 BC, Caesar returned to Rome and began a career as a lawyer and a life as an elegant man about town. (1) In 69 BC he spoke at the funerals of his aunt, Julia, and his wife Cornelia. On both occasions, he emphasized his connections with Marius and the ancient nobility of his family, descended from the first kings on his mother’s side and form the gods on his father’s. Thereafter, Caesar was elected quaestor and obtained a seat in the Senate; he married Pompeia, a granddaughter of Sulla. Caesar supported Pompey and helped him get an extraordinary generalship against the Mediterranean pirates, later extended to command of the war against King Mithridates in Asia Minor. He was elected curule aedile and spent lavishly on games to win popular favor; large loans from Crassus make these expenditures possible. There were rumors that Caesar was having an affair with Pompey’s wife, Mucia, as well as with the wives of other prominent men. (4) In October 47 BC, Caesar arrived back in Rome and settled the Problems caused by the mismanagement of Antony. When he attempted to sail for Africa too face the Optimates, his legions mutinied and refused to sail. In a brilliant speech, Caesar brought them around totally, and after some difficult battles decisively defeated the Optimates at Thapsus, after which Cato committed suicide rather than be pardoned by Caesar. (1) Almost a year later, in July 46 BC, the victorious and now unchallenged Caesar arrived back in Rime and celebrated four splendid triumphs. He sent for Cleopatra and the year old Caesarion and established them in a luxurious villa across the Tiber from Rome. His program for accomplishing these goals, both what he actually achieved and what he planned but did not have time to complete, was sound and farsighted, but his methods alienated many of the nobles. Holding the position of dictator, Caesar governed autocratically, more in the manner of a general than a politician. Although he nominally used the political structure, he often simply announced his decisions to the Senate and had them entered on the record as senatorial decrees without debate or vote. (1)
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