Differences between C and C++ exist dramatically. C++ is a superset of C and is treated that way. As a general regulation, a C++ compilers can usally assemble any C program. The few differences that do exist will hinder their compatibilities. One reason is each language has a different keyword reserved list. C++ adds additional keywords, and such keywords could be used as identifiers in C programs. “Although C++ is said to include all of C, clearly no C++ compiler can compile such a C program” (Stevens and Wulnum 6). Another example of a change is when functions are declared. In C, programmers could omit function prototype; C++ cannot. A C function prototype with no parameters must include keyword void. In C++, all the programmer needs is a set of empty parameter lists. C++ not only changes aspects of C but also has improvements over C. C++ uses the new and delete memory operators, they replace the standard of malloc and free functions. C++ also uses its own type of string classes to replace the character array processing function declared in the C’s cstring header file. The iostream library replaces the stdio function library for console input and output (Stevens and Walnum 7).

C++ is a language with many features unique unto itself. C++ is a procedural language with object-oriented extensions. That means the programmer can design and code programs as procedural modules. The programmer can define and ingratiate objects. C++ can be read from top to bottom, but the functions do not have to be coded in that sequence. The only stipulation is that a function must be declared before it is called, and a variable must be declared before it is used. To call a function within the program, the programmer must provide the program with the name, return value and parameters before the function can be used. The declaration for the function must match in return type and parameters, or the program could terminate. Function can contain parameters, but do not necessarily have to. Some programs also return values while other do not. If the caller of the function needs a returned value, the programmer must code it in. Returned values can be used in initializations of other functions as a parameter value or as part of an expression within another function. Variables are important ; they contain all the data within the program. Variables may be declared anywhere throughout the program. If they are declared within a function, they are considered to have local scope and will only exist until the function terminates. If they are declared outside of a function, they are said to have global scope and will remain available until t

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