Vietnam : fighting strategies: an overview
There have been many battles, movements and wars in United States history. However one of the most awkward conflicts was the Vietnamese war. The United States supported an anti-communistic regime called the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) in its fight against communist take-over (Raskin& Fall 56). Because South Vietnam had its own enemy within country borders, neighboring North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) prevented South Vietnam from falling to the communist’s, which ultimately led the United States to fight a major amount of battles in Southeast Asia (Raskin& Fall 117). Unfortunately it would not be an easy win for the United States because North Vietnam received outside assistance from the Communistic powers of the Soviet Union and the Peoples Republic of China. The United States fighting strategy in Vietnam proved to be unsuccessful due to unrestricted guerilla warfare. Weaponry of the United States military was far superior to that of any Vietnamese population. U.S soldiers received a standard issue “pot” or steel helmet that not only protected them from shards or bullets but also served multipurposly as a chair or cooking pot. Also given to them was a G.I military
The United States strategy was mainly based on the idea that the problem was in Vietnamese military and in efforts to win the hearts and minds of the South Vietnamese people. (Raskin& Fall 191) American forces in Southeast Asia operated under some strict restraints such as no being allowed to invade enemy territory in North Vietnam and for many years being stuck in ground, search-and-destroy missions in the remote jungle regions (Cameron 80). But by 1966 it became increasingly clear that this strategy of attrition was not working and could not work because of the enemies’ capacity to replace losses far higher than those the allies were able to inflict (Cameron 80). The Helicopter became a prime transportation for artillery giving increased mobility to the US forces. Artillery units were strategically placed to be able to fire in 360 degrees in support of any US operations. The ability of the artillery to provide rapid and devastating fire support at critical times often won the victory or loss in operation (Cameron 78). In early 1965 US air strikes were ordered against Vietnam, by late 1965 air strikes became part of everyday activities. Although the air strikes were lethal United States was still not permitted to strike some targets in fear of Chinese retaliation. Leaving communistic China un-attacked helped insure the survival of South Vietnam. As the Vietnam war intensified through 1965-1966 so did the Chinese commitment to North Vietnam (Raskin& Fall 207). During the spring of that year almost 50,000 Chinese troops were deployed to serve under the control of North Vietnam. In fear that Chinese might inflict damage like earlier in the Korean war President Johnson decided on bombing raids in “an escalating fashion”(Thompson Http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/68apr/vietnam.htm ). The army maintained control of its large helicopter fleets like arms. Marines followed their traditional organizational path of assigning an Air Wing to each Marine division (Raskin& Fall 211). uniform (Bernard 98). Made with 94% cotton these outfits quickly disintegrated in the hot and humid jungle climates. An M60; a general purpose machinegun that was light enough to be carried on patrol but proved deadly in a firefight, and/or an M16 which fired .223 caliber bullets at a rate of 750-900 rounds per minute on an automatic setting. A new kind of cartridge was developed for the m16 that came in 20-30 round “clips” which quickly popped out and could be reloaded into the rifles loading port (Bernard 99-100). A Mark 2 anti personnel fragmentation grenade was among the favorites a soldier could use. These grenades could be thrown anywhere under 40 yards without exploding, however carrying the
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Approximate Word count = 1818
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)
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