A panic attack can occur at any time, and anywhere. They are spontaneous and unexpected, with no phobic component. An attack is often described as a feeling

The behavioral theorists explain panic attacks as the “result of conditioning that associates two events”. For example a person may have had a random panic attack that occurred in a mall. That person now associates the mall as the cause of the panic attack and will avoid that mall in an effort to avoid another attack. The behavioral theory is based on learned response due to operant and classical conditioning.

Treatment for panic disorder usually includes medications and certain types of counseling. Reducing the number and frequency of panic attacks in panic disorder and improving your quality of life are large parts of the treatment.

Medication may be prescribed to prevent another attack, however they will not stop the fear of having another attack. For this counseling is used. If the fear of more attacks is left untreated it can become more harmful than the attacks themselves. Treatment for panic disorder is based on the individual person, how severe their attacks are, and any other medical conditions they may have.

There are four different viewpoints as to what causes panic disorder. They are the psychoanalytic, cognitive, behavioral, and the biological.

The cognitive theory states that panic is a result of distorted or mistaken thoughts called catastrophic misrepresentation. These thoughts due to a number of factors such as jumping to conclusions, poor rationalization, and over-generalization can cause a person to become frightened by those thoughts and thus panic because

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