Chief Joseph and the Nez Percé

· Call themselves Nimi'ipuu, which means the "real people" or "we the people"

· Lived in Idaho for thousands of years before the coming of the Europeans

· Also lived on the Oregon side of the canyon, in a valley in the shadow of the Wallowa Mountains

· Were the largest ethnic group in the Columbia Plateau

· Scattered villages in the Plains west of the Rocky Mountains

· Fishing for salmon and gathering roots and berries, later hunting buffalos

· Got horses in the mid 1700's and quickly became known for excellent horsemanship

· Bred a special colourful horse which is today called Appaloosa (got their name from the Palouse Valley in Oregon)

· Owned the largest horse herd on the continent

· 1803 President Jefferson decided to buy t he Louisiana Territory from France

· He asked to explore this vast territory and the Corps of Discovery lead by Captain Meriwether Lewis and Captain William Clark started their famous exploration of the Pacific Northwest

· In 1805 Lewis and Clark visited the Nez Percé and were welcomed with great hospitality

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