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Communism

Western societies had dramatically changed since the industrial revolution. The revolution led to the rise of the time of enlightenment as well as the rise of new social ideas and classes. No doubt that the revolution had positive effects on western societies but it also had negative ones. The political economist Karl Marx and the philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau both dealt with the problems of western societies after the industrial revolution and discussed the idea of how the civilization and development had negatively affected western societies. Both of them were seeking ideal society. However, each of them dealt with the problem from his own perspective. Marx was seeking the ideal society in terms of economics and that was through communism, while Rousseau was seeking it in terms of returning back to nature and that was through romanticism.

In Marx’s Communist Manifesto, Marx seeks to explain how the development and the expansion of the society after the industrial revolution had led to a “class struggle”. He says that the discovery of America and the expansion of modern industry had led to the establishment of the world market. This market in its turn gave immense development to commerce, navigation, communication


, and industry leading to the rise and growth of a Bourgeois class. This Bourgeois class began to take control of international and domestic trade and began to gain political power which enabled them to destroy the small part that was left from the old feudal society. Not only did they destroy the remaining feudal society but also they began to create a new social class which is the Proletariat class. This class includes the wage laborers who are forced to work very hard for the Bourgeois without owning any means of production and with a very little compensation which only ensures that they are physically “not bad” and can still produce and work for the benefit of the Bourgeois. Thus, The Bourgeois kept increasing their capital on one hand and oppressing the Proletariats on the other hand. From here, Marx arouse with his communist theory. He said that the only way with which the Proletariats can free themselves from Bourgeois exploitation is to abolish the capitalism of the Bourgeois. The proletariats must react socially and politically to defend themselves and get rid of the unequal distribution of the means of production to be able to create a classless society in which there is no private property and in which every single individual has his own right to live a comfortable life. So, Marx wants to explain that although the revolution led to an economic expansion, however, in the same time it led to a violent struggle between social classes of the western society because the Capitalists were mainly concerned about increasing their own capital while increasing the pressure on the Proletariats which led to an enormous increase in the income gap and also an increase in the number of oppressed Proletariats which encouraged them to revolute against the Bourgeois and thus as Marx Said “The Bourgeois produced its own grave diggers”.

Some topics in this essay:
Sciences Rousseau, Marx Rousseau, Bourgeois Bourgeois, Manifesto Marx, Revolution Proletariats, Jacques Rousseau, , Bourgeois Marx, western societies, Karl Marx, seeking ideal society, nationalism religious beliefs, seeking ideal, nationalism religious, religious beliefs, ideal society, arts sciences, revolution led, means production, western society, industrial revolution, honesty nationalism religious, create classless society, liberty honesty nationalism,

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Approximate Word count = 1247
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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