For five years after independence from Britain in 1968, Swaziland's monarchy coexisted with a parliament comprising legislators elected on party tickets as others nominated by the king. However, in 1973, the then monarch, King Sobhuza II, passed a decree suspending the constitution, dissolving the legislature and banning political parties. Parliament was revived in 1978 bu

t its members are elected in non-party polls, while the king singlehandedly appoints the cabinet. The Kingdom of Swaziland has been governed without a constitution since 1973, when King Sobhuza issued a proclamation annulling the 1968 constitution. Since then, the King has been the chief government authority and has governed by decree. King Mswati III has a government headed by an appointed Prime Minister, which oversees a bi-cameral legislative system. This is a fluid arrangement which lacks the authority that a written constitution can provide. In practice, sub-Saharan Africa's last absolute monarch rules absolutely, with the parliament rubber-stamping anything he wants done. Freedom of association is seriously threatened by the lack of a consti

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