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Stoicism

Stoicism was a group of philosophers in the First Century who made laws that they thought should be followed by the citizens of Rome. Two of these laws were the concepts of rationality and nature. Marcus Aurelius was the Emperor of Rome at the time and he also the most known Stoic. His concepts were vital to the survival of the Stoics.

The concept of rationality is what tells a human being what’s right and wrong and what should be done and what is good for the human and the state by thinking. “the reason also, in respect which we are rational beings, is common: if this is so, common also is the reason which commands us what to do, and what not to do; if this is so, there is a common law also; if this is so, we are fellow citizens; if this is so, we are members of some political community; if this is so, the world is in manner of a state.”(1) Marcus Aurelius says here that the citizens who are ration beings as a part of the whole political spectrum, should combine to make he world one state. He wants the world to join as one state and governed by one, the people are all part of the same political system, so they should join together.

In his Meditations Aurelius talks about every action having a purpose. “Let


no act be done without a purpose, nor otherwise than according to the perfect principles of art.”(2) He says here that the reason we have is because everything we do has a purpose. The purposes are there because they are the unwritten rules of art. These rules are abided because they just happen. The art sets its own rules through the purposes of the acts that are done. No act should be done if it does not follow the rules of art. Yet, the rules of are made by the act’s purposes. This meaning everything has a reason why it is done and the purposes are legitimate.

Aurileus said “Men seek retreats for themselves, houses in the country, sea-shores, and mountains; and thou too art wont to desire such things very much. But this is altogether a mark of the most common sort of men, for it is in thy power whenever thou shalt choose to retire into thyself.”(5) In this statement, Aurileus uses nature as a sort of retreat for the man. He says that man and nature should work together to coexist. He describes the beautiful nature as man’s prime goal to achieve. This goal is what the man should strive for and this goal is for nature and man to coexist in an environment. Marcus also tells that it is common for man to want this goal, but it is only the man willing to risk and fight for the goal that will be truly happy with nature. He says that to truly coexist as one, the person has to put everything on the line and give it his all.

“The nature of that which is universally useful has been compelled to do this”(6) This statement goes back to what Aurelius said about whatever doesn’t harm a man does not make his li

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Approximate Word count = 1107
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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