Espionage helped the US defeat of Germany and their allies in WWII. Spies during WWII were intended to provide the basis for an accurate assessment of other nations' intentions and military capabilities. In WWII a successful surprise attack could leave a victim staggered and ready for a knockout blow. At the beginning of the war all the major combatants had a place in code breaking establishments, all of which would experience explosive growth during the war. These agencies would then go on to provide critical information during the war to provide information needed to combat the Axis. One of the most import

ant needs for espionage was in the deciphering of the ENIGMA. This was used to code and decode German messages sent and received between commanders and such. It was very hard to decipher the ENIGMA because of the way it was set up. What made it so difficult to decipher was the process by which a letter in an original message was transformed into a different one for the transmitted message. The process involved, among other things, three motors in each machine that were chosen from a set of five. Each of them had twenty-six settings, and a plugboard, which connected the keyboard letters to the lampboard letters. For example the first time the L key was pressed a B might light up, but because the rotors turned further entries of L on the board would not produce another B but rather other letters. US intelligence along with help from other countries was eventually able to make a duplicate machine that would help them in decoding messages. Without help from espionage in this instance the US and their allies would be susceptible to unknown attacks and movements of armies without having a chance to prepare for it. Without proper deciphering of messages the battles could have been altered for the side of the Axis. A man by the name of William F. Friedman played a significant role in the world of American Espionage. After working to decode ciphering machines in World War I, Friedman looked to break the code of the Japanese ciphering machine named PURPLE. Friedman worked with a the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) to come up with a ciphering

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