At the beginning of the 19th century transportation by land and water developed rapidly. Many turnpikes, which are roads, were built, along with canals. This resulted in improved communication and trade between people. By 1818, the National Road, which was built with federal funds, had been completed, linking the Potomac with the Ohio River. As a result, more roads were being built off of that to connect it to o

Francis Cabot Lowell was a textile manufacturer in the U.S. in the early 1800s. He founded a mill that went through the entire process of manufacturing cotton. In Massachusetts, he built the Lowell Mills that were based on the British cotton mills. The number of immigrants coming to America increased between 1815 and 1837, which increased the labor force.

In 1840, the railroad started to rapidly expand but still wasn’t in the United States. But by 1928, the first railroad appeared in the United States. Railroads were fast, reliable, and cheaper than canals to construct. By the 1840s, the rail system was rapidly expanding across the northern row of states, tying the industrial East to the agricultural West.

Developments in transportation, manufacturing, a

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