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Madame C.J. Walker

Since the early nineteenth and twentieth Century women have been demanding equality regarding education, the work force, legal rights, and not being treated as second-class citizens. Even, with the turn of the century woman still have to prove that they are capable of having a career, being a mother, and a wife. Historically, women have been portrayed as “Suzy” homemaker: raising children, maintaining a household, all the while submitting and supporting of the husband’s career, goals, and desires. Women have be programmed to feel comfortable in the role of nurturer; however, there have been many women throughout history who have broken the societal mode and persevered against the conception that woman can’t efficiently and productively function outside of the home. Mary Wollstonecraft set the pace in the early 1790’s with her treaty Vindication of the rights of Women. She boldly contested the erroneous belief that women could not have roles in “traditionally male domains” (Mankiller, Mink, Navarro, Smith, & Steinem, 1998). Out of the Women’s Movement emerged Victoria

Claflin Woodhull the first woman to run for the Presidency. She established a Wall Street brokerage firm, as well as, a newspaper column that advocated women’s right to equality. Woodhull later fled to England out of fear of gross retaliation regarding an article she published concerning the extramarital activities of a prominent Reverend (Edmonson, 1999).

Walker, by setting up her own business and proving that women could be financially independent of men, was the very first black female multi-millionaire entrepreneur. By 1914, company earnings grossed over a million dollars. In addition to her significant contributions to black women's education, Walker owned a house in Harlem, nicknamed the "Dark Tower," and Villa Lewaro, a neo-Palladian-style, 34-room mansion designed by Vetner Woodson Tandy, the first registered black architect. Harlem Renaissance notables frequented Walker’s homes, after her death in 1919 when her daughter took over the helm. Only her female descendants have since exclusively managed Walker’s empire, in keeping with her wishes. She and her daughter A'lel

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