Sparta the oldest city-state was located in the southeastern Peloponnesus, in an area known as Laconia. The Spartans favored durability and obedience. Sparta’s governmental system was an oligarchy. The Sparta governmental structure was made up of Ephors- five magistrates by executive and judicial privileges, Two kings- army leaders and chief priests, Gerousia- Council of 30 elders comprised of men 28 elected by the Assembly and the two kings and the Assembly of Citizens- men over 30 yrs old. They do not vote but shout acclamations supporting the decisions of the oligarchy above. Many people viewed

Therefore, Sparta and Athens were the two most famous and powerful city-states. They had many similarities and differences. Their political systems were different and their language. But, what they had in common was their background heritage. The major difference that the two city-states had was the way Spartans and the Athenians were treated. The Spartans did not have much to say, they were mainly controlled by the government. Sparta was looked upon as a totalitarian state. They could call nothing their own. In the other hand the Athenian citizens did have the right to a freedom. Athenians had the right to vote and express their opinions. Overall, the differences of Athens and Sparta were more obvious then their similarities.

Athens had established a city-state by 700 B.C on the peninsula of Attica. Athens was the largest polis; it was made up of 350,000 people. Athenians stressed freedom and gave people the right to express their differences. The Athenian governmental structure was made up of Ecclesia a tribal unit- popular assembly comprised of all adult Athenian males and had the right to speak in debates, Council of 500- group chosen by lot and paid for service, Strategoi- 10

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