Cities are not simply a result of their physical structure but represent an integrated system of all-human activities, work, education, health care, culture, leisure-as well as the physical structures that support them. Today, there are nineteen cities with ten million or more people; by 2030, over sixty percent of the world's population will live in cities. Cities can be vibrant centers of culture and civilization, but for many people they are places of urban poverty, alienation and disadvantage. In cities of developed countries, an estimated sixteen percent of all households live in poverty while in developing countries, more than thirty-six percent of all households and forty-one percent of all women headed households have an income below the locally defined poverty line. Growing insecurity and crime rates; the impact of HIV/AIDS; natu

On the other hand, women who work outside the home may not be able to spend as much time managing the household, buying and preparing food, or taking care of children.

Dealing mostly with neighbors, friends and relatives, they also faced less complexity in their interpersonal relationships, analysts said. Research has also indicated that on the one hand, the additional income city working women earn may give them greater control over the household’s resources and may lead to greater expenditures on food and children’s needs.

ral and human-induced disasters; rising congestion and increasing pollution; and inadequate water supply and waste treatment facilities are among the most urgent problems in many cities. Sustainable urban development requires a specific focus on women, because issues and needs as regards housing and shelter, land rights, environmental education, sanitation, income, employ

Some topics in this essay:
, city women, percent households, headed households, women city, women living, city life,