Du Bois had grown up with more privileges and advantages than most blacks living in the United States at that time, and, unlike most blacks living in the South, he had suffered neither severe economic hardship nor had he been the victim of harsh racism. As violence against blacks increased in the South throughout the 1880s, Du Bois learned many hard lessons about race relations. He followed reports about the increasing frequency of lynchings, calling each racially motivated killing “a scar” upon his soul. Through these and other encounters with racial hatred, as well as through his experience teaching in poor black communities in Tennessee during the summers, Du Bois began to develop his racial consciousness and the desire to help improve con

W.E.B Du Bois is still considered one of the greatest thinkers of the twentieth century. Having produced thousands of works and having founded the largest and oldest civil rights organization in America, William Edward Burghardt Du Bois will never be forgotten.

Throughout his life, Du Bois maintained cultural and political interest in Africa. He attended meetings with Africans in London in 1900 and 1911, and in 1919 he helped to organize Pan-African congresses to nurture worldwide unity among people of African descent. He attended Pan-African congresses in 1921, 1923, 1927, and 1945. By this time Du Bois had been dubbed the “father of Pan-Africanism.” Du Bois returned to the NAACP in 1944 to head its research efforts, but was dismissed in 1948 after a dispute with the NAACP’s executive director.

After graduating from Harvard Du Bois had begun his research into the historical and sociological conditions of black Americans that would make him the most influential black of his time. His doctoral dissertation, The Suppression of the African Slave-Trade to the United States of America, 1638-1870, was published in 1896 as the first volume in the Harvard Historical Studies Series. After teaching for several years at Wilberforce University in Ohio, Du Bois conducted

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