Du Bois had grown up with more privileges and advantages than most blacks living in the United States at that time, and, unlike most blacks living in the South, he had suffered neither severe economic hardship nor had he been the victim of harsh racism. As violence against blacks increased in the South throughout the 1880s, Du Bois learned many hard lessons about race relations. He followed reports about the increasing frequency of lynchings, calling each racially motivated killing “a scar” upon his soul. Through these and other encounters with racial hatred, as well as through his experience teaching in poor black communities in Tennessee during the summers, Du Bois began to develop his racial consciousness and the desire to help improve con

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