Stress, Stressors and Stress Management in Modern Britain

The Health and Safety Executive have defined stress as: “The reaction people have to excessive pressures or other types of demand placed upon them. It arises when they worry they can no longer cope” (Needham and James, 2000). There are two types of stress – eustress and distress. Eustress is positive and distress is negative (Stress Management Training, Session 3 Cause and Symptoms of Stress). Eustress, for example, occurs when the pressures of life are used to accomplish time deadlines, goals and tasks. However, this same pressure could cause distress if time and resources are managed i

One of the basic needs to be fulfilled is a place to live. The housing market is becoming more stressful. Levels of stress related to housing are also geographic, being greater in the South of England. With the advent of good rail infrastructure, the cost of housing is becoming a problem in the North of England, particularly in the areas of Leeds, York, Newcastle and Darlington. Scotland has a similar problem in Glasgow and Edinburgh (Guardian 2003). Affordable housing for first time buyers is becoming increasingly harder to obtain. A side effect of this problem is the requirement for both partners to work to afford a basic home, generating levels of tiredness, friction and stress.

Conversely, schools are selling sports grounds, children are taken too and from school by car, and the nation is becoming less fit physically. Employment is becoming less physically demanding as service sector jobs replace traditional physically demanding jobs such as steel production and ship building. (BBC News 2001). Combining the above, physical health, regardless of other stressors is deteriorating. An over stretched Health Service brings stressors in itself to those who require its’ services.

nefficiently, and goals are not accomplished. Then the distress element, multiplied over several events could, in the end, cause a complete failure leading to loss of confidence, and ultimately to a complete breakdown. The key for individuals is to recognise what creates eustress and distress in their lives and develop mechanisms to deal with each situation. It is also important to realise that stress and the causes of stress are specific to each individual. What creates stress for one person may not be so for another. Also, depending on timing and other events in an individual’s life, what causes stress one day may not cause stress on another. The author has often taught the following principle; “No one makes you angry, you just allow yourself to become so.” This is important to understand and becomes a key to overcoming stressful situations. Stress Management Training sets out to help individuals overcome the causes of stress and recognise those causes and implement mechanisms to deal with each situation.

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