Gene transmission, or heredity, in families is most often identified by the function of an altered gene. Genetic diseases can be inherited in a manner similar to that of normal traits. These diseases include single-gene disorders that are autosomal dominant, sex-linked dominant, autosomal recessive, or sex- linked recessive. They also include multifactorial disorders, resulting from more than one gene often interacting with environmental factors.

In most cases of sex-linked recessive traits, the mother is heterozygous but unaffected-- she is a carrier. She has a 50 percent chance of producing affected sons through transmission of

an X chromosome carrying the gene mutation. H

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